Melanoma

What is a malignant melanoma?

A malignant melanoma is a cancerous tumour of the pigmented cells of the skin called melanocytes. These cells grow abnormally and produce change in a pre-existing mole or a new mole. Changes in size, colour, shape or sensation may be the first sign of a malignant melanoma but they may produce no symptoms.

What causes a malignant melanoma?

The cause of malignant melanoma is not fully understood but sun-exposure is known to be a contributing factor and they are more commonly seen in those with a fair skin. Some families have an inherited tendency to develop malignant melanoma and have many abnormal dysplastic moles.

What will happen if the doctor suspects a malignant melanoma?

Any suspicious moles will need to be removed surgically under local anaesthesia.

The skin sample is then sent to a consultant pathologist for examination under a microscope. This examination takes up to 14 days to complete because the skin has to be specially embedded in paraffin wax and stained.

Usually, the mole will be removed with a small margin of normal skin (1mm) and a second surgical procedure will be necessary if the malignant melanoma is confirmed by the pathologist.